Joseph E. Badger
4210 Woodlyn Dr.
Bloomington, Indiana 47403-3167
Phone: (812) 825-7812
EDUCATION -
Graduate of Indiana State University (Terre Haute, IN), B.S. Degree in Radio and Television Broadcasting, 1958.
Graduate of Northwestern University Traffic Institute's (NUTI) 9-1/2-month "long course" June 1978. Majored in Accident Investigation; included such subjects as Vehicle Damage Analysis, Human Factors, Tire & Lamp Examination, Vehicle Dynamics (physics, math and engineering principles). Grade for Accident Investigation course: A.
Four day Vehicular Homicide/DWI Institute, Chicago, May 1979. Studies included Accident Evidence from the Road, Point-of-Impact Analysis, Placing the Driver Behind the Wheel, Physiological Effects of Alcohol & Drugs.
Three week Technical Accident Investigation School, at the Indiana Law Enforcement Academy (NUTI instructors), November-December 1979. Studies included Technical Examination of the Vehicle, Tire & Lamp Analysis, Vehicle Dynamics (formulas, physics, algebra/trig.), "hands on" experiments with critical speed certification, human drag factors, vehicle damage analysis, and minimum speed from skidmarks.
Schooled by Indiana Aeronautics Commission to investigate aircraft accidents, 1980.
Two week Accident Reconstruction School, June 1980, Minnesota. Studies included Geometric Construction (scale diagrams), Derivation of Formulae, Time-Distance Equations, Perspective Grid, Actual Reconstruction of Real Accidents and "hands on" experiments with critical speed, drag box documentation, and minimum speed from skidmarks.
Four day Traffic Engineering Short Course, Purdue University, January 1981. Topics: Signalized and Unsignalized Intersection Capacity, Critical Movement Analysis, Freeway Capacity Procedures, Weaving Areas, Ramps & Ramp Junctions.
First person in the country to complete the Motor Vehicle Accident Reconstruction and Cause Analysis course, through the University of Utah (six-week course), June 1982. Studies included Vehicle Components (steering, braking, suspension & electrical systems), Vehicle Motion Analysis, Accident Avoidance Analysis, Human Factors, Collision Analysis and Accident Reconstruction (math, physics, engineering principles).
CONTINUING EDUCATION -
Attended seminar on CRASH 3 (CALSPAN main frame) Computer Program for Accident Reconstruction, Snell Environmental Group, Indianapolis, March 1984.
Two week Accident Reconstruction School at NUTI, Evanston, Ill., June 1987.
Three day IATAI Accident Reconstruction Conference for continuing education at Illinois State University, October 1987, '88, '89, '90 (keynote speaker), '91, '92, '94 (lectured on Underride Accidents), and '95. To MwATAI conference in Iowa (keynote speaker) May 1992.
Two day Motorcycle Accident Reconstruction Course at NUTI, July 1987.
Attended University of North Florida's Institute of Police Technology & Management (IPTM) "Special Problems in Accident Reconstruction" courses for continuing education in April of the following years:
1985, skidding tractor-semitrailer accidents;
1986, bicycle and pedestrian accidents, modified vehicles, antilock brakes;
1988, ABS, pedestrian accidents, human factors, night vision, 360-degree momentum, validity of AI devices (such as the VC-200 electronic accelerometer), vehicle rollovers & airborne speed, fatigue failures;
1989, trailer swing, human factors, crush deformation, time/distance;
1990, marine, RR grade crossing & motorcycle accidents, tire/road friction;
1991, trailer underride, sudden acceleration, motorcycle & pedestrian accidents, occupant strike zones, critical speed and vehicle stiffnesses;
1993, nighttime accidents, tractor-semitrailer jackknife, lamps, friction & energy, occupant/pedestrian injury correlation, and heavy truck deceleration;
1994, truck brake failure, restraint systems, radial tire separation; and presenter of trailer underride program;
1995, bus accident recon, motorcycle accident reconstruction, vehicle fire analysis, night vision, human factors, occupant kinematics, and eyewitness testimony vs. physical evidence;
1996, vehicle damage defect analysis, tire retread technology, school bus accident analysis, effects of aerodynamics on vehicles, low-speed impacts, and hydroplaning.
One week course on Microcomputer Assisted Programs for Traffic Accident Reconstruction (MAPTAR) featuring the EDCRASH computer program, NUTI, March 21-25, 1988.
"Advanced Traffic Accident Reconstruction with the Use of Microcomputer," featuring the SLAM computer program, IPTM, May 22-26, 1989.
Completed the training course Seatbelt/Child Restraint Accident Investigation (IPTM's program) at the Indiana Law Enforcement Academy, June 9-10, 1988.
EXPERIENCE and BACKGROUND -
Cryptographer in U.S. Army, 1958-60; honorable discharge. (cryptography: encoding/decoding messages.)
Appointed to Indiana State Police, Sept. 1, 1968; promoted to Sergeant, October 1976.
Retired Nov. 3, 1988.
First Indiana State Police officer officially designated as a full-time "Accident Reconstructionist," 1978. Personally investigated over 1000 accidents and performed several hundred reconstructions during tenure with I.S.P.
Certified by the Indiana Law Enforcement Academy to teach accident investigation subjects.
Received Governor's (Bowen) Sagamore of the Wabash award for Excellence and Leadership in Accident Reconstruction, December 1979.
The only accident reconstruction consultant invited by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to participate in its first Truck and Bus Safety Summit, Kansas City, March 12-15, 1995.
TEACHING EXPERIENCE -
Taught basic accident investigation to I.S.P. recruits at the Indiana Law Enforcement Academy plus taught advanced accident investigation in-service schools, various years.
Co-taught two-week Technical Accident Investigation as Assistant Course Director at West Virginia's State Police Academy for NUTI (October 1987) and co-taught 1-week Vehicle Dynamics Course as guest lecturer for NUTI in Kenosha, Wisconsin (February 1989).
Taught facets of Accident Reconstruction at a Greenwood (IN) seminar put on by the Indiana Association of Certified Accident Investigators.
Taught Heavy Truck dynamics in accident reconstruction for the University of Indianapolis Center for Continuing Education in May 1988, and conducted a Mapping and Measurement in Accident Investigation course February 1989; Guest instructor at the Ohio Peace Officers Training Academy (Evidence from Highway & Vehicle), February 1989.
Participated in and guest lecturer (topic: Critical Speed) at the 1991 Collision Dynamics seminar, University of Louisville, March 9, 1991.
Taught Scale Diagramming & Scene Documentation for the San Diego (Calif.) County Collision Investigators Association (September 18, 1992).
Presented special classes on accident investigation to various city and county police agencies; taught facets of accident reconstruction to criminal justice students at Vincennes University; taught physics as it relates to accident reconstruction to high school physics classes in Evansville, IN. Taught accident investigation & reconstruction techniques to officers at Crane Naval Weapons Storage Center, September 1988 and March 1989.
Lectured on trailer underride accidents, IPTM, Jacksonville, April 1994.
Lectured on the accident reconstructionist's role to attorneys at Indiana Continuing Legal Education Forum (ICLEF), June 3, 1994.
EXPERT TESTIMONY -
As of January 31, 1997, testified as an expert witness in accident reconstruction and offered opinion testimony 135 times in 53 counties in 97 different courts. This includes being accepted by the Indiana Court of Appeals, twice published, once not published.
PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS -
Charter member of IAARS (International Assn. of Accident Reconstruction Specialists. Member of SOAR (Society of Accident Reconstructionists) and NAPARS (National Assn. of Professional Accident Reconstructionists.
Past member of IATAI (Illinois Assn. of Technical Accident Investigators), NATARI (National Assn. of Traffic Accident Reconstructionists & Investigators), and WATAI (Washington Assn. of Technical Accident Investigators).
Honorary member of MwATAI (Midwest Association of Technical Accident Investigators).
Accredited by the Accreditation Commission for Traffic Accident Reconstruction (ACTAR); Registration No. 142, September 11, 1994. Direct inquiries to ACTAR, P.O. Box 5436, Hudson, FL 34674-5436; (800) 809-3818.
PUBLICATIONS -
Co-author of manuals used by the Indiana State Police for accident investigation.
Published in Law & Order magazine:
"PAVEMENT EDGES IN ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION" (Jul 1987)
"CAR/TRAIN GRADE CROSSING ACCIDENTS, Part I" (Aug 1987)
"TRUCK ACCIDENTS THEY ARE DIFFERENT Part I, Part II" (Oct/Nov 1987)
"INVESTIGATING THE 'FAKED LEFT' SYNDROME" (Feb 1988)
"INVESTIGATING VEHICULAR HOMICIDE" (Mar 1988)
"SEATBELTS, A DIFFERENT APPROACH" (Mar 1988)
"WHAT'S ALL THE FUSS ABOUT DRAG FACTORS?" (Apr 1988)
"TRAILER UNDERRIDE: THE ALMOST ALWAYS FATAL COLLISION" (May 1988)
"MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS; A BREED APART" (Jul 1988)
"HUMAN FACTORS: Road, Vehicle and Driver Perception & Reaction" (Aug 1988)
"HUMAN FACTORS: "Shy-Away," Disorders and Distractions" (Sep 1988)
"R.R. GRADE CROSSING COLLISION INVESTIGATIONS, Part II, Part III" (Nov/Dec 1988)
"JUST ONE MORE THING ABOUT DRAG FACTORS" (Feb 1989)
"COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION" (May 1989)
"OFFICER IN A TRUNK" (June 1989) "ACCIDENT RECON. COMPUTER PROGRAMS REVIEWED" (Aug 1989)
"PRECISE DIAGRAMS POSSIBLE WITH C.A.D." (Oct 1989)
"ACCIDENTALLY ON PURPOSE: THE 'HALF-ACCIDENT'" (Dec 1989)
"AN OVERVIEW OF SOFTWARE PROGRAMS" (Jan 1990)
"MAPPING AND MEASUREMENTS FOR SCALE DRAWINGS" (Feb 1990)
"SLAM - A STEP ABOVE CRASH3" (Mar 1990)
"CAR PROGRAM USER FRIENDLY" (Apr 1990)
"INVESTIGATING THE HYDROPLANE PHENOMENON" (Jun 1990)
"CENTER OF MASS (cm)" (Jul 1990) "LEGAL & ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES (for reconstructionists)" (Oct 1990)
"WHAT'S NEW, ZEBRA" (Dec 1990)
"LARM, The New Kid On The Block" (Jan 1991)
"THREE PROGRAMS FOR A.R." (Mar 1991)
"CONFRONTING THE 'EXPERT' WITNESS" (May 1991)
"INNOVATIVE CONCEPTS" (Jun 1991) "BEYOND CRASH3" (Aug 1991)
"HOW CRITICAL IS CRITICAL SPEED?, Part I, Part II" (Oct/Nov 1991)
"MOTORCYCLE SKIDDING AND ACCELERATION FACTORS" (Mar 1992)
"TO TRAIN OR NOT TO TRAIN" Focus on Administration - (May 1992)
"REVIEWS OF RECONSTRUCTION COMPUTER SOFTWARE" (Jul 1992)
"TRAILER UNDERRIDE REVISITED" (Aug 1992)
"ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION COMPUTER ANIMATION" (Feb 1993)
"ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEMS AND DRAG FACTORS" (May 1993)
"VIDEO REENACTMENTS" (Sep 1993) "WHAT AN IMPACT!" (Oct 1993)
"A COLLISION BY ANY OTHER NAME - A Compendium of schools and organizations" (Sep 1994) "ACCIDENT RECON. BOOKS" (Nov 1994)
"Human Factors: THE CREDIBILITY OF EYEWITNESSES" (Dec 1994)
"Human Factors, Eyewitness Memory: "HUMAN ERROR IN MEMORY" (Sep 1995)
"[INVESTIGATING] POLICE CAR CRASHES" (Sep 1995)
"Human Factors, Night Vision: "SEEING IS NOT NECESSARILY BELIEVING" (Oct 1995)
"ACTAR Certifies Expertise" (Mar 1996)
"HUMAN FACTORS AFFECTING PERCEPTION" (Aug 1996)
"LOW-SPEED CRASHES" (incl review of Watts' book) (Dec 1996)
Published in Police magazine:
"THE HIGHWAY SPEAKS" (Facts from the Road) (Oct 1988)
"THE VEHICLE SPEAKS" (Vehicle Damage Analysis) (Nov 1988)
Published by American Jurisprudence, "Proof of Facts," 3d Series, 9 POF 3d, pp. 115-206:
"Reconstruction of Traffic Accidents," Bancroft-Whitney, 1990
Published in Law Enforcement Technology magazine:
"CRASH COURSE IN ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION" (Jan 1989)
"CASTING NEW LIGHT ON LAMP INVESTIGATION" (Sep 1989)
Published in Police and Security News:
"ACCIDENT SCENE DIAGRAMMING" (Mar/Apr 1991)
"COMPUTERS HAVE COME A LONG WAY, BABY" Part I, II & III (Sep/Oct -Nov/Dec 1991; Jan/Feb 1992)
"WHO IS AT FAULT? - THE CASE OF PASSER VS. TURNER" (May/Jun 1993)
Published in Accident Reconstruction Journal:
"WHAT'S NEW IN ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION?" (Mar/Apr 1989)
"TINTED WINDOWS" (May/Jun 1989)
"ADMINISTERING AN ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION PROGRAM" (Sep/Oct 1989) "COMPUTER-AIDED DRAFTING - A RECONSTRUCTION TIMESAVER" (Mar/Apr 1990)
"BLOOD ALCOHOL" (May/Jun 1990)
"DIFFERENT METHODS FOR DETERMINING RADII" (Jul/Aug 1990)
"AN OVERVIEW OF ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION" (May/Jun 1991)
"SO, YOU WANT TO TESTIFY" (Jul/Aug 1991) COVER STORY: "THE TRUCK SANDWICH" (Mar/Apr 1992)
"TRAILER UNDERRIDE - ANOTHER LOOK" (Sep/Oct 1993)
"NIGHTTIME CAR/BICYCLE ACCIDENT CASE STUDY" (Jan/Feb 1994)
Published in Case & Comment:
"ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION" (Jul/Aug 1989)
Published in The Legal Investigator:
"ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION" (Feb 1990)
Published in The SOARce, official publication of the Society of Accident Reconstructionists:
"PRINCIPLES OF TESTIFYING" (Mar 1990)
"COMPUTER-AIDED DRAFTING" (Oct 1990)
"ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION AND COMPUTERS" (Oct 1991)
"Anti-Lock Brake Systems & Drag Factors" (Spring/Summer 1994)
"HUMAN FACTORS: MEMORY IN ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION" (Summer 1996)
Published in the FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin:
"COMPUTER-AIDED DRAFTING FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT" (Feb 1991)
Published in Accident Investigation Quarterly:
"ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION PRODUCT OVERVIEW" (Summer 1994)
Published in Impact, British recon organization magazine (Vol. 1, No. 3, Summer 1991):
"ACCIDENT SCENE DIAGRAMMING"
Treatise published:
TRAILER UNDERRIDE: Conspicuity, Human Factors, and Rear Bumpers, Joseph E. Badger, IPTM, Jacksonville, 1993. Revised 1995. A comprehensive treatise on the trailer-underride phenomenon, both side and rear impact situations. Contains several real-life underride scenarios and explains how and why such accidents occur. Among the topics covered are Driver Expectation, Safety Standards, Backlighting, Semitrailer Conspicuity, Marker Lamp Effectiveness, Recommendations, and the problem with Speed Estimates of the underriding vehicle. Available from:
Institute of Police Technology and Management University of North Florida 4567 St. Johns Bluff Rd., South Jacksonville, FL 32224-2645 (904) 620-IPTM (620-4786)
Also published in various IAARS and NATARI newsletters and twice in Norfolk Southern's newsletter "OPERATION LIFESAVER" Special Supplement on Enforcement (undated, early 1988); and OL Newsletters of December 1, 1988, and January 2, 1989. Articles on computer animation and staged trailer underride crashes published in IATAI's newsletter "First Contact," (Winter 1995).
FEE SCHEDULE
My rates for a work product -- meetings, review of documents, visits to accident sites,
examination of vehicles, consultations, etc. are $150/hr, portal-to-portal, plus expenses.
I normally work from a retainer, the amount of which is calculated from a determination/-
estimate of the time necessary to reach preliminary opinions and conclusions and
perhaps resolve the issues at hand.
Occasionally, you may wish only a Review & Evaluation (R&E) of a particular event. An
R&E does not involve a site visit nor vehicle inspection; rather you provide a copy of the
accident report, police photos of the scene (and any other available photographs of the
vehicles, accident site, etc.), depositions, documents, and so on, along with a cover letter outlining the issues you want me to address. After reviewing the material I will provide an oral preliminary report and discussion.
The charge for an R&E is a flat $500 payable when you send the material. If it's
determined at that time that more involvement is necessary, the regular work product
rates apply.
For depositions and trials, the rate is $250/hr, portal-to-portal, plus expenses. For
sessions in Monroe County, Indiana, there is a four-hour (based on half-day increments)
minimum of $1000, payable in advance.
For depositions in Indianapolis, the minimum charge is $1,450, paid in advance. This
takes into account three hours of travel time, mileage and other expenses (e.g., parking, meals), plus four hours of actual deposition time. Again, this is based on half-day (4-hour) increments. Any deposition time beyond four hours will be invoiced at the rate of $250 an hour or portion thereof.
There is also a half-day minimum for trials and depositions in other locations outside
Monroe County, Indiana, but there is also travel time and expenses to be considered. For such cases within 100 miles the minimum payment required is $1,750 which covers
testimony, travel, and stand-by time plus most expenses. If the distance is more than 100 miles, other arrangements will have to be made.
For out-of-state cases or situations requiring overnight lodging, terms are negotiable
depending on circumstances unique to the matter at hand, such as the number of days
required, etc. The engaging party is to provide airline tickets (arrange flights from
Indianapolis International), lodging, and ground transportation. For out-of-state
depositions, payment is normally the deposing attorney's obligation; however, the
engaging attorney is still ultimately responsible to make sure the deposing attorney is
aware of who's paying for what.
If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. I look forward to working with you.
Joseph E. Badger
4210 Woodlyn Dr.
Bloomington, Indiana 47403
Phone: (812) 825-7812
